An estimated 1.3 million children under 5 years old had the household contact of pulmonary tuberculosis cases and tuberculosis death rate in children by 15% of all deaths due to TB. The purpose of this review is to study the potential environmental risk factors of tuberculosis in children with smear positive adults in the household. A review search using science direct, PubMed and google search of articles, journals, books to discover risk factor tuberculosis in children. The Potential risk TB infection in children is household contact with adults having active Tuberculosis. Environmental risk factors are ventilation, temperature of room, natural lighting, humidity and overcrowding was significantly associated increased TB infection. Environmental factors are significantly increasing TB infection among children and household contact with adults having active TB.