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Green coffee extract inhibits innate immune activation via TLR triggering due to nickel and cobalt exposures
Dessy Rachmawati1, Indah Pratiwi2, Nindya Shinta Damayanti3, F. X. Adi Soesetijo4, Tantin Ermawati5, Zahara Meilawaty6.
Introduction: Metals are known as contact allergens and are abundantly used in jewellery, orthopaedic, dental construction, cardiac, and other implants. Exposure to alloys in the oral cavity is often associated with both local and systemic adverse reactions. Nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co) are notorious for inducing immune activation via TLR-4, downstream of the NF-kB pathway. Robusta green coffee (Coffea canephora) is expected to inhibit immune activation due to its contents such as flavonoids. It is a promising candidate as an immune blocker and effective antioxidant. The objective of this study was to investigate the potential effect of green coffee against innate immune activation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) exposed to Ni and Co. Methods: The metals tested are NiCl2.6H2O and CoCl2.6H2O. The coffee extract is taken from East Java robusta coffee beans, macerated in 97% ethanol and subsequently diluted into three concentrations: 125, 62.5, and 31.25 μg/ml. Innate immune activation was monitored by assessment of release of IL-8 and IL-6 by using ELISA. Results: The robusta green coffee at 125 μg/ml was the optimal concentration in reducing immune activation in PBMC cells induced by Ni and Co followed by exposure to 62.5 and 31.25 μg/ml. Conclusion: Data obtained in the present study reveals that green coffee has the capacity to inhibit innate immune activation due to Ni and Co exposures, which display potent innate immune ca-pacities. More robust and well-controlled studies are still needed for a thorough understanding of the effect of coffee on other inflammatory markers in humans.
Affiliation:
- University of Jember, Indonesia
- University of Jember, Indonesia
- University of Jember, Indonesia
- University of Jember, Indonesia
- University of Jember, Indonesia
- University of Jember, Indonesia
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Indexation |
Indexed by |
MyJurnal (2021) |
H-Index
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3 |
Immediacy Index
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0.000 |
Rank |
0 |
Indexed by |
Scopus 2020 |
Impact Factor
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CiteScore (0.2) |
Rank |
Q4 (Medicine (all)) |
Additional Information |
SJR (0.144) |
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