The oil and gas industry involves latent risks which are considered as one of the most severe consequences. This circumstance mainly due to the existence of intrinsic hazards involved. As part of process safety management, past incidents analysis should be performed to eliminate the potential of significant accident occurrence. It is crucial to identify the root cause of the incidents. This research discloses the degree of importance of causal factors in contributing to an incident. The methodology based on regression analysis and path analysis is performed to identify the degree of importance of incident causes. A case study is performed at Andals Oil of Indonesia to demonstrate the most significant factor leading to an incident. As the baseline for this research, incident data are gathered from Andals Oil's database during 2006 – 2018. The statistics describe the most frequent type of incident that occurs during the oil and gas field operations. Three major root causes in the oil and gas industry are evaluated: 1. Organizational system factor; 2. Job factor leading to unsafe working conditions; 3. Human-behavioral factor. Based on the regression analysis and path analysis, it is concluded that the number of High potential incidents is directly affected by Job factor leading to unsafe condition and Human-behavioral factor. Although the Organizational system factor may not significantly affect the number of High potential incidents, this factor still directly engenders unsafe working condition by affecting variable Job factors. Therefore, corrective and preventive action should be addressed based on the degree of importance for each incident causes factor.