Two major disease and pest in oil palm are Ganoderma disease and bagworm infestation. Ganoderma disease caused by Ganoderma boninense and bagworm infestation caused by Metisa Plana have caused significant losses to the oil palm industry. Therefore, early detection and control are important to reduce the losses. This paper reviewed the existing approaches, challenges and future trend of aerial remote sensing technology for Ganoderma disease and bagworm infestation in oil palm. The aerial remote sensing technology comprises of multispectral, hyperspectral camera and radar which have different platforms such as satellite, aircraft and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The aerial multispectral and hyperspectral remote sensing analyse spectral signatures from visible and near infrared spectrum range for the detection of disease and pest attacks. Studies have showed that satellite- based multispectral remote sensing only provide moderate accuracy (<70%) compared to UAV-based multispectral remote sensing (>80%) for the detection of disease and pest infestation. Similarly, our study using multispectral camera onboard UAV showed 90% of accuracy for moderate and severe Ganoderma disease detection in oil palm. Meanwhile, application of aerial hyperspectral remote sensing for Ganoderma disease demonstrated potential for the early detection of Ganoderma disease in oil palm and in addition, can be used to detect early pest infestation in oil palm based on field spectroscopy results. Other than that, radar remote sensing has also been able to differentiate healthy and infected oil palm through the analysis of radar backscatter image of the foliar, frond and crown of oil palm. As a conclusion, aerial remote sensing provides a better and faster disease and pest infestation detection system compared to ground-based inspection which in turn can provide a more economic and efficient management of disease and pest infestation for large oil palm plantation areas.