Introduction: The young generation today is experiencing many problems in dealing with life problems, especially those related to mental health as well as physical fitness. Moderate to strenuous physical activity will provide benefits for the body, especially to overcome physical and mental fitness problems. This study aims to determine the various levels of physical fitness and mental health in various areas of residence (city and village). Methods: This type of research is a causal-comparative research. A total of 160 adolescents aged 16-19 years in West Sumatra in Indonesia were sampled in this study with details (City area 80 adolescents consisting of 40 boys and 40 girls, in the village consisting of 40 boys and 40 girls), samples were taken by means of random sampling. To reveal the level of physical fitness, the Indonesian Physical Fitness Test (TKJI) and Mental Health were carried out by filling out a questionnaire. The data were analyzed using a analisis univariat using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS) version 21. Results: The results showed that the physical fitness of rural adolescents was higher than that of urban adolescents with an average proving result of 99.65:61.35 while the mental health of adolescents was urban youth is higher than rural adolescents with an average ratio of 86.93. : 74.08. Conclusion: There are significant differences in physical fitness and mental health between rural and urban adolescents. So for further research, it is necessary to connect with other variables that are more relevant.