With increased emphasis being placed on entrepreneurial thinking and acting in today's businesses, human capitalization growing over the last two decades. The present study provides a systematic review of the literature on the theoretical foundations, measurement, antecedents, and outcomes of EA, ESE and social support. Based on the review, an agenda for future research is developed and implications for entrepreneurship education and training highlighted. In doing so, the need to consider alternative theoretical perspectives to improve understanding of how human capitalization growing influences outcomes at different levels of analysis is highlighted. In addition, the review identifies a need to examine the success factors which drive short-term fluctuations and long-term changes in small business.