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Humic Acid-Amended Formulation Improves Shelf-Life of Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Under Laboratory Conditions
Buraq Musa Sadeq1, Ali Tan Kee Zuan2, Susilawati Kasim3, Wong Mui Yun4, Nur Maizatul Idayu Othman5, Jawadyn Talib Alkooranee6, Sayma Serine Chompa7, Amaily Akter8, Md Ekhlasur Rahman9, Md Ekhlasur Rahman10.
Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a soil bacterium that positively impacts soil and crops. These microbes invade plant roots, promote plant growth, and improve crop yield production. Bacillus subtilis is a type of PGPR with a short shelf-life due to its structural and cellular components, with a non-producing resistance structure (spores). Therefore, optimum formulations must be developed to prolong the bacterial shelf-life by adding humic acid (HA) as an amendment that could benefit the microbes by providing shelter and carbon sources for bacteria. Thus, a study was undertaken to develop a biofertilizer formulation from locally isolated PGPR, using HA as an amendment. Four doses of HA (0, 0.01, 0.05, and 0.1%) were added to tryptic soy broth (TSB) media and inoculated with B. subtilis (UPMB10), Bacillus tequilensis (UPMRB9) and the combination of both strains. The shelf-life was recorded, and viable cells count and optical density were used to determine the bacterial population and growth trend at monthly intervals and endospores detection using the malachite green staining method. After 12 months of incubation, TSB amended with 0.1% HA recorded the highest bacterial population significantly with inoculation of UPMRB9, followed by mixed strains and UPMB10 at 1.8x107 CFUmL-1, 2.8x107 CFUmL-1 and 8.9x106 CFUmL-1, respectively. Results showed that a higher concentration of HA has successfully prolonged the bacterial shelf-life with minimal cell loss. Thus, this study has shown that the optimum concentration of humic acid can extend the bacterial shelf-life and improve the quality of a biofertilizer.
Affiliation:
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA Melaka, Jasin Campus, 77300 Merlimau, Melaka, Malaysia., Malaysia
- University of Wasit, Iraq
- Divisional Laboratory, Soil Resource Development Institute, Krishi Khamar Sharak, Farmgate, Dhaka-1215, Bangladesh, Bangladesh
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Indexation |
Indexed by |
MyJurnal (2021) |
H-Index
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3 |
Immediacy Index
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0.000 |
Rank |
0 |
Indexed by |
Scopus 2020 |
Impact Factor
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CiteScore (1.1) |
Rank |
Q3 (Agricultural and Biological Sciences (all)) Q3 (Environmental Science (all)) Q3¬¬- (Computer Science (all)) Q3 (Chemical Engineering (all)) |
Additional Information |
SJR (0.174) |
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