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Investigation on the physicochemical properties of blended algae-diesel fuel with nanoparticles additive using mixture design method
Hazim Sharudin1, Noor Iswadi Ismail2, Sharzali Che Mat3, Nurul Nabilah Khairul Salleh4, Abdul Hadi Abdol Rahim5.
Biodiesel from algae sources is one of the most promising alternative fuels
to substitute fossil fuels in the future as it has relatively high oil content,
besides rapid biomass production. However, in terms of exhaust emissions,
the nitrogen (NOx) emission stemming from algae-diesel blends is higher due
to the presence of oxygen content. As a solution, one of the approaches is by
using the addition of fuel additives, such as nanoparticles as it plays a major
role in increasing biodiesel performance and improving the properties of the
biodiesel blends. Therefore, this study directly focuses on improving algaediesel blends by adding cerium oxide as the fuel additive. The main phases
involved in this research are the extraction of algae oil, blending process of
algae-diesel with cerium oxide and data collection of dynamic viscosity with
calorific value. Then, the data collected were used as an input for Design of
Expert (DOE) software to obtain the optimum blends for algae-diesel blends
with cerium oxide addition. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was applied to
evaluate the properties of the blends and provides equations for the model,
wherein the equations involved in this research were dynamic viscosity and
calorific value. The equations generated through the software were used to
obtain the theoretical value of dynamic viscosity and calorific value. Finally,
the theoretical value was further validated by comparing it with the
experimental data for each of the blends. The results of experimental and
theoretical (predicted) for each blend model showed the percentage errors
between the experimental and the calculated values was between 0.19% and
9.51%. Hence, numerically derived equations are considered valid and
reliable. In conclusion, the results showed that the optimum blend obtained
by the software was significant and complied with the biodiesel standard of
EN14213.
Affiliation:
- Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Johor Kampus Pasir Gudang , Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Permatang Pauh, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Mara Cawangan Johor Kampus Pasir Gudang , Malaysia
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