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Interaction Effects of Parameters for Carotenoids Production by Phormidium sp.
Hikmah Bajunaid Hariz1, Azlin Suhaida Azmi2, Rashidi Othman3, Abdullah Amru Indera Luthfi4.
Carotenoids are used in many industries such as food processing, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Cyanobacteria are recognized as an excellent source of carotenoids. However, carotenoid production by cyanobacterium like Phormidium sp. can be influenced by various parameters such as nitrogen source concentration, initial pH, and photoperiod. The objectives of this research are to study the interaction effects between those parameters for the maximum carotenoid production by Phormidium sp. and determine the kinetics of the carotenoid production. Phormidium sp. was cultured in BG-11 medium at a constant temperature of 25°C and white fluorescent light with an intensity of 266 μmol photons . The centered composite of Response Surface Methodology developed in the Design-Expert software was used to study the interaction effects of the parameters on carotenoid production, which are nitrogen source concentrations of 0.0167 to 0.0528 mol/L, pH of 4 to 12, and photoperiod of 12:12 to 24:0. It was found that the pH and nitrogen source concentration highly influenced carotenoids production. The maximum carotenoid yield observed by the software is 0.0557 mg/g at the optimized conditions of initial pH of 8.4, sodium nitrate (nitrogen source) concentration of 0.03 mol/L, and photoperiod of 12:12 (Light/Dark), which results in the maximum specific growth rate ( ), doubling time ( ) and growth constant (k) of 0.1050 day , 6.6014 days and 0.1515 respectively. The findings can be used for future application of the cyanobacteria culture system for carotenoid production at a larger scale.
Affiliation:
- International Islamic University, Malaysia, Malaysia
- International Islamic University, Malaysia, Malaysia
- International Islamic University, Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Malaysia
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