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The introduction of a secondary reinforcer during therapy based on the ABA model for children with autisme
Ban, Weng Lun1, Susheel Kaur Dhillon Joginder Singh2, Kartini Ahmad3.
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a technique used to teach children with autisme a variety of skills. In ABA, children
with autisme often do not receive reinforcers because they have difficulty performing their targeted behaviors, which
consequently leads to challenging behaviors. Objectives of this study are to increase spontaneous request and decrease
challenging behavior among children with autisme by introducing a secondary reinforcer during therapy based on ABA
model. Secondary reinforcer has lower reinforcing value than the primary reinforcer. When the children tried but were
unable to produce their targeted behavior, they were given the secondary reinforcer. The children were divided into two
groups, five children in the intervention group and four children in the control group, and they were taught specific target
requesting behavior (TRB) to request for a preferred item. Three children in the intervention group recorded an increase
in spontaneous request and a reduction in challenging behaviors. Only two children from the control group recorded an
increase in spontaneous request and a decrease in challenging behaviors. However, only children from the intervention
group were able to maintain their performance during the generalization sessions. The results suggest that children
respond differently to specific prompts and interventions. Future studies should focus on how prompts affect children’s
performance and also on reinforcer selection. Bigger scale studies are still needed to further determine the effectiveness
of a secondary reinforcer in assisting the learning of requesting skill and in reducing challenging behaviors among
children with autisme during therapy based on ABA model.
Affiliation:
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Malaysia
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