View Article |
Potential use of okara as meat replacer in beef sausage
Noriham, A1, Muhammad Ariffaizuddin, R2, Noorlaila, A3, Faris Zakry, A. N4.
Processed meat products are particularly unhealthy because of high fat, preservative
and salt content. This study is carried out with the aim to determine the
physicochemical and sensorial properties of sausage incorporated with okara flour.
There were four different sausage formulations labelled as Control (0% okara flour,
100% beef), F1 (10% okara flour, 90% beef), F2 (20% okara flour, 80% beef), F3 (30%
okara flour, 70% beef) and F4 (40% okara flour, 60% beef). Formulations were
subjected to proximate, water holding capacity, color, texture and sensorial analysis.
Results for proximate composition, revealed that carbohydrate, ash and fiber content
increased while moisture, fat and protein content decreased as the okara flour
addition were increased. Water holding capacity (WHC) was found to increase as
the incorporation of okara flour increased. In term of color analysis, increased in
okara flour content in sausage significantly increased lightness (L*) and yellowness
(b*) values while decreasing in redness (a*) value. As for textural properties, the
values for hardness, cohesiveness, springiness and chewiness were decreased as the
incorporation of okara flour increased. Sensorial results showed that F4 had the lowest
overall acceptability due to its poor texture and unacceptable taste. Hence this
study concludes that okara flour has the potential to replace meat at certain levels in
sausage formulations which is not more than 20% okara flour.
Affiliation:
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
Download this article (This article has been downloaded 151 time(s))
|
|
Indexation |
Indexed by |
MyJurnal (2021) |
H-Index
|
6 |
Immediacy Index
|
0.000 |
Rank |
0 |
Indexed by |
Scopus 2020 |
Impact Factor
|
CiteScore (1.4) |
Rank |
Q3 (Engineering (all)) |
Additional Information |
SJR (0.191) |
|
|
|