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Development of palm biomass briquettes with polyethylene plastic waste addition
Hasan Mohd Faizal1, M. Shafiq M. Nazri2, Md. Mizanur Rahman3, S. Syahrullail4, Latiff, Z.A5.
High global energy demand scenario has driven towards transformation from sole dependence on fossil fuels to utilization of
inexhaustible renewable energy sources such as hydro, biomass, solar and wind. Renewable energy sources are abundant in
Malaysia, especially palm biomass residues that are produced during the oil extraction process of fresh fruit bunch. Therefore, it is
inevitable to harness these bioenergy sources, in order to prevent waste accumulation at adjacent to palm mills. Briquetting of
palm biomass such as empty fruit bunch (EFB) with polyethylene (PE) plastics waste addition is expected not only could maximize
the utilization of energy resources, but also could become as a potential solution for residue and municipal plastics waste
disposal. In the present study, the physical and combustion properties of palm biomass briquettes that contain novel mixture of
pulverized EFB and PE plastics waste were investigated experimentally. The briquettes were produced with different mixing ratio of
EFB and PE plastics (weight ratios of 95:5, 90:10 and 85:15), under various heating temperatures (130-190℃) and at constant
compaction pressure of 7 MPa. Based on the results, it can be said that heating temperature plays a significant role in affecting
physical properties such as relaxed density and compressive strength. The values of relaxed density and compressive strength are
within the range of 1100 to 1300 kg/m3and 0.8 to 1.2 MPa, respectively. Meanwhile, mixing ratio does affect relaxed density and
gross calorific value. All values of gross calorific (17900 to 21000 kJ/kg) and moisture content (7% to 9%) are found to fulfill the
requirement for commercialization as stated by DIN51731 (gross calorific value>17500 kJ/kg and moisture content<10%). Even
though the values of ash content (3% to 4%) exceed the limitation as stated by the standard (<0.7%), it is still considered very
competitive if compared to the commonly used local briquette that contains mesocarp fibre and shell (5.8%). Finally, it can be
concluded that the best quality of briquette can be achieved when highest composition of PE plastics (weight percentage of
15%) is used and the briquetting process is performed at the highest temperature (190℃).
Affiliation:
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia
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Indexation |
Indexed by |
MyJurnal (2021) |
H-Index
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6 |
Immediacy Index
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0.000 |
Rank |
0 |
Indexed by |
Scopus 2020 |
Impact Factor
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CiteScore (1.4) |
Rank |
Q3 (Engineering (all)) |
Additional Information |
SJR (0.191) |
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